Whooping cough, medically known as pertussis, is making an alarming comeback in the United States. According to recent data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the country is witnessing the fastest rise in pertussis cases in nearly a decade, just as children head back to school. This sudden spike in infections highlights a growing concern among health professionals and families alike.
What Is Whooping Cough (Pertussis)?
Whooping cough is a highly contagious bacterial infection caused by Bordetella pertussis. While the disease was largely controlled with the introduction of vaccines in the 1940s, recent trends show a troubling resurgence, particularly among unvaccinated individuals and older children.
Pertussis Cases Surging Nationwide
As of the latest CDC report, more than 291 new cases of whooping cough have been documented in just one week. New York leads the surge with 44 confirmed infections, followed closely by Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Oklahoma, each reporting at least 38 cases. This spike marks the highest weekly count since 2015, when the U.S. was dealing with a significant resurgence in pertussis cases.
This year, over 14,000 cases have already been reported—more than four times the number at this point in 2022 and surpassing the 10,000 cases reported before the COVID-19 pandemic in 2019.
Why Is Whooping Cough Making a Comeback?
Despite widespread vaccination, whooping cough cases have been increasing over the past two decades. In 2016, over 15,000 people contracted the disease, resulting in at least seven deaths. Experts believe that while vaccination efforts remain crucial, the pertussis vaccine’s effectiveness in preventing the spread and severity of infection may wane over time, especially in older children and adults.
Symptoms of Whooping Cough
The symptoms of whooping cough can last for weeks or even months, starting with mild cold-like symptoms such as a runny nose, mild fever, and cough. As the infection progresses, the hallmark “whoop” sound emerges as patients struggle to breathe between intense coughing fits. This can be particularly dangerous for young children and infants who are at the highest risk of complications, including pneumonia and seizures.
The Importance of Vaccination and Booster Shots
The CDC continues to recommend pertussis vaccinations for both children and adults. Pregnant women are strongly advised to get vaccinated to protect their newborns, as unvaccinated infants are most vulnerable to severe complications from the disease. A booster shot, commonly known as the Tdap vaccine, is recommended every 10 years to maintain protection.
Calls for Improved Vaccines and Increased Awareness
While the current vaccines have been effective at reducing the severity of pertussis, experts are calling for more advanced formulations to enhance long-term protection. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is currently discussing new vaccine trials aimed at better protecting older children and adults.
Schools and Communities at the Center of Outbreaks
High school students appear to be the driving force behind many of the current outbreaks, with officials in Pennsylvania reporting that the state’s largest surge was fueled by infections among teens. Even as schools were closed during the summer, cases continued to rise, and now, as students return to classrooms, the concern is growing. In New York, nearly 40% of this year’s whooping cough cases have been identified among teenagers aged 15 to 19.
What’s Next for Pertussis Prevention?
As whooping cough cases continue to rise, health officials are urging better vaccination coverage and preparing for potential outbreaks in schools and communities. The CDC and FDA are closely monitoring the situation and encouraging healthcare providers to stay vigilant.
By keeping up with vaccinations and staying informed about symptoms, we can help slow the spread of whooping cough and protect vulnerable populations. Stay updated on CDC guidelines and make sure you and your family are fully protected as pertussis cases continue to climb.